(Riviera Beach, Florida) At tonight's meeting, the Riviera Beach City
Council unanimously voted on first reading to prohibit licensed mental
health professionals from engaging in conversion therapy on minors
within city limits.
Conversion
therapy, also known as reparative therapy, or sexual orientation change
efforts (SOCE), encompasses a range of discredited counseling practices
by which health care providers or counselors seek to change a person's
sexual orientation, gender identity, or gender expression through
aversion treatment.
The action was taken at the request of the
Palm Beach County Human Rights Council (PBCHRC), the county's most
effective civil rights organization. Over the past 29 years, the
independent non-profit organization has succeeded in having local public
officials enact
117 laws and policies providing equal rights, benefits and protection for the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBTQ) community.
To
date, PBCHRC has been responsible for the enactment of similar
conversion therapy bans in West Palm Beach, Lake Worth and Boynton
Beach.
Addressing the City Council, PBCHRC Board Member Hutch Floyd focused on
the need to protect children from practitioners of conversion therapy.
"Conversion
therapy is usually forced on minors by parents who find it impossible
to accept the fact that their children identify as gay or lesbian,"
said Floyd. "This so-called 'treatment' is extremely harmful."
PBCHRC
is partnering with the National Center for Lesbian Rights and the
Southern Poverty Law Center. Both organizations have been successful in
their efforts to protect minors from being subjected to the harms
caused by conversion therapy.
"Conversion therapy is an extremely
dangerous and fraudulent practice that claims to change an individual's
sexual orientation or gender identity," said Scott McCoy, senior policy
counsel for the Southern Poverty Law Center. "This bogus practice is
premised on the lie that LGBTQ individuals have a 'condition' that needs
to be cured. This evening, the West Palm Beach city commission took a
step in the right direction by approving this ordinance to ban this
harmful practice on minors. The commission has sent a message to LGBTQ
youth: 'You are perfect the way you are and do not need to be 'fixed.'"
Dr. Rachel Needle, a licensed psychologist who practices in Palm
Beach County, has explained that the practice of conversion therapy is based on two false premises.
"First,
it is based on the falsehood that being gay, lesbian or transgender is a
mental disorder or defect that needs to be cured, " said Needle. "And
secondly, it is based on the presumption that being LGBTQ is something
that can actually be changed through therapy."
Needle, who is
also an adjunct professor at Nova Southeastern University, noted that
the potential risks of conversion therapy on children include shame,
guilt, depression, decreased self-esteem, increased self-hatred,
feelings of anger and betrayal, loss of friends, social withdrawal,
problems in sexual and emotional intimacy, hostility and blame towards
parents, high risk behaviors, confusion, self-harm, substance abuse and
suicidal ideation.
"Any ethical mental health practitioner should
not attempt to cure or repair gender identity or sexual orientation
through these scientifically invalid techniques," Needle stated.
"Attempting to change someone's sexual orientation or gender identity
can have a devastating impact on a minor."
Riviera Beach City Councilwomen Dawn Pardo and Tonya Davis-Johnson brought the ordinance forward.
"As an elected official, it is a key part of my job to take steps to
protect children in Riviera Beach from abuse," said Davis-Johnson.
"PBCHRC presented numerous scientific studies to the City Council and
the experts all agree that conversion therapy is causes extreme
emotional trauma to LGBT youth."
"Moreover, it is a a scam,"
added Johnson. "Parents in Riviera Beach should not be duped into
spending their hard-earned money on so-called conversion therapy."
The
discredited practice of conversion therapy has long been rejected by
virtually all of our nation's mainstream medical and mental health
organizations, according to Rand Hoch, PBCHRC's President and Founder.
"Instilling self-hatred in children is not therapy," Hoch said.
Nearly
every major medical and psychological association in the country has
come out in opposition to conversion therapy. These include the American
Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, the American Academy of
Pediatrics, the American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy,
the American College of Physicians, the American Counseling Association,
the American Medical Association, the American Psychiatric Association,
the American Psychoanalytic Association, the American Psychoanalytic
Association, the American School Health Association, the National
Association of School Psychologists, the Pan American Health
Organization, the Regional Office of the World Health Organization and
the World Psychiatric Association.
"The American Psychological
Association has linked conversion therapy to depression, substance abuse
and even suicide, and these risks are particularly acute for youth,"
said Carolyn Reyes, Youth Policy Counsel and Coordinator of NCLR's
BornPerfect Campaign to end conversion therapy "We applaud the efforts
by the Commission to ensure that the children of West Palm Beach County
are protected from these harms, and that their families aren't duped by
trusted professionals to whom they turn for support during a vulnerable
time."
In addition, conversion therapy has been soundly rejected
by the American Association of School Administrators, the American
Federation of Teachers, the American School Counselor Association, the
National Association of Social Workers, the National Association of
Secondary School Principals, the National Education Association and the
School Social Work Association of America.
Last May, the Southern
Poverty Law Center published a comprehensive report entitled "Quacks:
'Conversion Therapists,' the Anti-LGBT Right, and the Demonization of
Homosexuality." (
www.splcenter.org/20160525/quacks-conversion-therapists-anti-lgbt-right-and-demonization-homosexuality).
Across
the nation, California, Illinois, New Jersey, Oregon, Vermont, the
District of Columbia, Cincinnati, Seattle, Pittsburgh and Toledo have
already enacted laws to prevent licensed mental health providers from
offering conversion therapy to minors.
In Florida, West Palm
Beach, Lake Worth, Boynton Beach, Miami, Wilton Manors, Miami Beach, Bay
Harbor Islands, El Portal and Key West have enacted conversion therapy
bans. The Tampa City Council is in the process of considering a similar
ban at its meeting on March 2.
The Riviera Beach ban on
conversion therapy - and all of the similar bans enacted to date -
applies only to state-licensed therapists. Unlicensed therapists, such
as those associated with faith-based groups, retain their religious
freedom to engage in such work. Additionally, adults remain free to seek
out conversion therapy.
Although there have been several court
challenges to the constitutionality of banning conversion therapy, all
have failed. On three occasions, the U.S. Supreme Court has declined to
hear challenges to the constitutionality laws banning conversion therapy
for minors.
U.S. Senators Patty Murray (D-WA) and Cory Booker
(D-NJ) have introduced the Therapeutic Fraud Prevention Act to empower
the Federal Trade Commission to crack down on conversion therapy.
Specifically, the law would make sexual orientation change efforts
illegal under the Federal Trade Commission Act, and classify advertising
these services or providing them in exchange for monetary compensation
as fraudulent, unfair, and deceptive. The bill would also explicitly
clarify that the Federal Trade Commission has the duty to enforce this
provision and would further provide state attorneys general the
authority to enforce it in federal court.
In addition, the
National Center for Lesbian Rights, the Southern Poverty Law Center and
the Human Rights Campaign (a Washington, DC-based LGBTQ rights
organization which is not affiliated with PBCHRC) filed a federal
consumer fraud complaint with the Federal Trade Commission seeking to
ban conversion therapy nationwide.
Last year, State Senator Jeff
Clemens (D-Atlantis) introduced a bill to prohibit conversion therapy
statewide (S. 258). However, the Senate refused to take action on the
bill. Clemens intends to reintroduce his bill in the current legislative
session.
"Hopefully, legislative leaders in Tallahassee will
schedule a hearing on Senator Clemens' bill this year," said
Councilwoman Davis-Johnson.. "However, until a statewide ban on
conversion therapy is enacted, we are taking going to do all we can to
protect LGBT youth here in Riviera Beach,"
For a copy of the ordinance, click
here.